Understanding Credit Scores and Building Financial Strength

In today’s world, a credit score plays a significant role in shaping your financial opportunities. It’s a three-digit number that tells lenders how likely you are to repay borrowed money. This seemingly simple metric can significantly impact your ability to secure loans, negotiate interest rates, and even rent an apartment.

Your credit score is a calculated guess, based on your credit report information. The higher the score, the better you appear to lenders.

The Credit Report

The credit report is the document that feeds your credit score. Compiled by credit bureaus (a company that specializes in collecting and maintaining information about your credit history), it details your credit history, including:

• Payment history. This is the biggest factor, showing how timely you’ve been with past payments. Late payments or defaults can significantly drag down your score.
• Credit utilization ratio. This refers to how much credit you’re using, compared to your total limit. Maxing out your credit cards hurts your score.
• Credit mix. Having different types of credit, like credit cards and installment loans (mortgages, car loans), can be beneficial.
• Credit inquiries. This is a formal request made by a lender or creditor to view your credit report, and happens whenever you apply for a new line of credit.Too many inquiries in a short period can lower your score.

Understanding the Score Spectrum

Credit scores typically range from 300 to 850. Here’s a general breakdown:

• Excellent (800+): You’re a credit champion, qualifying for the best rates and terms.
• Very Good (740-799): Prime borrower status – you’ll get favorable offers.
• Good (670-739): Solid credit, but there’s room for improvement.
• Fair (580-669): Below average score, qualifying for loans might be difficult and expensive.
• Poor (below 580): Getting credit will be challenging, and interest rates will be high.

Building a High Credit Score

The good news is, your credit score isn’t set in stone. Here are some key strategies to build a healthy score:

• Pay your bills on time. This is the golden rule; consistent on-time payments significantly boost your score.
• Practice credit card responsibility. Don’t max out your cards, and aim to pay off the most you can each month.
• Become a credit card authorized user. Being added as an authorized user on someone else’s account with a good payment history can piggyback positive credit behavior onto your report.
• Maintain a low credit utilization ratio. Aim to keep your credit card balances below 30% of the limit.
• Diversify your credit. Having a mix of credit cards and installment loans that you handle responsibly demonstrates positive credit management.
• Check your credit report regularly. Look for errors and dispute them immediately. You can get a free credit report from each bureau annually at Annual Credit Report.

Financial Counseling – FREE for IAM Members

As an IAM Union member, we can connect you with a certified financial counselor to analyze your financial situation, and provide advice. Each session is personalized to your situation. This may include reviewing your budget, conducting a Debt Analysis, analyzing your credit line. 

For those in debt, you may be referred to a Debt Management Program (DMP) to work with your creditors. Our partnership is with The SafeGuard Group, a Nonprofit 501(c)(3) Agency. 

Tap below to fill out a form and get connected with a financial counselor.